Ten horns of Daniel 7 (Glasgow, The Apocalypse translated and expounded, 1872)
Text: "After this I saw in the night visions, and behold a fourth beast, dreadful and terrible, and strong exceedingly; and it had great iron teeth: it devoured and brake in pieces, and stamped the residue with the feet of it: and it was diverse from all the beasts that were before it; and it had ten horns." Daniel 7:7
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Ch. xvii. 12: "And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, such as have not yet received kingship, but receive authority as kings one hour with the monster."—For the existence of ten regal powers, some contemporaneous and some successive, within the area and period of the Western empire, I refer to the exposition of ch. xiii. 1. Interpreters generally agree in pointing out ten kingdoms that arose out of the ruins of the empire, or wounding of the seventh head. Faber enumerates them thus: Vandals, Suevi, Alans, Burgundians, Franks, Visigoths, Saxons, Heruli, Turingi, Ostrogoths, and Lombards. But these are all Gothic; and it is not reasonable to represent the whole empire as Gothic. Half Gothic and half Latin would have more of verisimilitude. By attending to the physiology of the monster, we shall be guided aright. Daniel did not see the seven heads, because his visions began with Babylon; but he saw the ten horns on the head of a gigantic ruminant monster. This implies not only that we should find an average of ten horns, but in duplicate. This duplicate is indicated by the languages marking the origin of the horns. From the Latin stem we have Portuguese, Spanish, French, Piedmontese, and Italian; and from the Gothic stem, German, Saxon, Dutch, Scandinavian, and Polish. These belong respectively to South and North Europe, indicating five antlers on each brow of the monster. And if to the one class we add Moorish, Norman, Basque, Arabic (in Sicily), and Romaic; and to the other, Gaelic, Welsh, Lappish, Finnish, and Celtic, we have ten of each.
Glasgow, James, The Apocalypse translated and expounded, Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1872, pp. 441-442.
Online Source: archive.org/details/apocalypsetransl00glas
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